万象--陕西频道--人民网
?????(?????: Bucure?ti, ???: ?????)? ????? ????. ???? ?????(??: Bucharest)?? ??. ??? 1,719,958?(2024?)??.
| ????? Bucure?ti | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
.jpg) ????? ?? | |||||
| |||||
| ?? | Micul Paris (?? ??), ??? ?? | ||||
| ?? | |||||
| ?? |  ???? | ||||
| ?? | |||||
| ?? | 1459? | ||||
| ?? | |||||
| ?? | 228.00 km2 | ||||
| ?? | 55.8 m | ||||
| ??? | EET (UTC+2) EEST (UTC+3) | ||||
| ?? | |||||
| ?? | 1,719,958?(2024?) | ||||
| ?? ?? | 7,196?/km2 | ||||
| ?? ?? | 2,303,505? | ||||
| ?? | |||||
| ?? | Patria ?i dreptul meu (??? ??) | ||||
| ?? ?? | |||||
| ???? | 0xxxxx | ||||
| ???? | +40 x1 | ||||
| ???? | pmb | ||||
.jpg)
?????? ??? ?? ?? ??? ?? 1459???. 1862?? ????? ??? ??, ??? ??, ???, ??? ???? ??.
??? ??
????????? ??? ??? ?????. ????? ??? ??? ???(Bucur)?? ??? ?? ??(??? ??? ??, ??, ??, ??? ??? ??? ??? ??.)? ??? ??? ??.
??
???? ?? ???? ??? ??? ????? 1861? ????? ????? ???? ????? ???? ? ??? ???. ? ?? ?????? ???? ??, ??? ???? ??? ???.
?1? ?? ?? ??? ?? ?? ???? ???? ??? ???? ?? ??? ?? ???? ? ?????. 2? ?? ??? ???? ??? ??? ???, 1945? 11? 8? ??? ?? ??????? ????? ??? ???? ??? ????? ??. ??? 1977? ???? ??(?? 7.2)?? 1,500?? ???? ?? ???? ?????? ???????????? ???? ????? ??? ?? ??? ???? ???? ??? ?? ??? ???? ?? ???, ?? ???? ???? ???? ???? ???? ??. ??? 2000?? ?? ????? ?? ??? ??, ?????? ??????? ??? ???? ?? ???? ??.
?2? ?? ?? ??? ???? ??????, ?? ?? ??? ??? ?????. ????·????·??·??·??·??·?? ?? ? ??? ??. ??·?? ??? ?? ?????, ?????·????·???·????? ????? ????, ???·????? ? ??? ??? ??·??? ????? ???? ????.
????? ??? ??? ????? ??????·?? ?????, 700?? ??? ?????, 1864?? ??? ???????? ??? 14?? ??, 43?? ?????, ??? ??? ??? ?? ?? ?????, 3?? ???? ?? ??. ??·??? ??? ????? ?????? ??. ???? ??? ???? ???, ??? 8?? ??? ???? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ??? ????.
??
????
???????? ???? ?? ?? ??? CFR(C?ile Ferate Romane)? ??? ?? ????. ??? ?? ?? ?? ? ???(Gara de Nord, ????? ??)? ????? ?? ????? ???, ?????, ???, ?????, ???, ???? ? ??? ?? ???? ?? ??? ??.
??
??
??????? ??? ? ? ??. ??? ?? ??? ????(Aeroportul Interna?ional Henri Coand?)?? ???? ???? ? 16.5km ?? ??? ????? ????.
???? ???? 780? ??(????? ?? ??)? 783? ??(???? ??)? ??? ??? ????.
???
??- ????
- ???(Arcul de Triumf)
- ????? ????(Teatrul Na?ional "Ion Luca Caragiale" Bucure?ti)
- ???????? ??(M?n?stirea Stavropoleos)
- ????(Ateneul Roman)
- ????(Palatul Parlamentului)
- ? ??? ??(Biserica Curtea Veche)
- CEC ?? ??(CEC Palace)
-
???? ?? -
???????? ?? -
???? -
? ??? ?? -
C.E.C ?? ??
??
??| ?? | ?? | ±% |
|---|---|---|
| 1595 | 10,000 | — |
| 1650 | 20,000 | +100.0% |
| 1789 | 30,030 | +50.2% |
| 1831 | 60,587 | +101.8% |
| 1851 | 60,000 | ?1.0% |
| 1859 | 121,734 | +102.9% |
| 1877 | 177,646 | +45.9% |
| 1900 | 282,071 | +58.8% |
| 1912 | 341,321 | +21.0% |
| 1930 | 639,040 | +87.2% |
| 1941 | 992,536 | +55.3% |
| 1948 | 1,041,807 | +5.0% |
| 1956 | 1,177,661 | +13.0% |
| 1966 | 1,366,684 | +16.1% |
| 1977 | 1,807,239 | +32.2% |
| 1992 | 2,064,474 | +14.2% |
| 2002 | 1,926,334 | ?6.7% |
| 2011 | 1,883,425 | ?2.2% |
| 2016 (est.) | 2,106,144 | +11.8% |
| 2020 (est.) | 2,151,665 | +2.2% |
| 1851 data: Chambers's Encyclopaedia,[1] 1900: Encyclop?dia Britannica,[2] 1941, 1948,[3] other data:[4][5][6] | ||
??
??| ?????? ?? | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ? | 1? | 2? | 3? | 4? | 5? | 6? | 7? | 8? | 9? | 10? | 11? | 12? | ?? |
| ?? ?? ?? °C (°F) | 20.9 (69.6) |
24.1 (75.4) |
29.0 (84.2) |
32.2 (90.0) |
36.9 (98.4) |
39.0 (102.2) |
42.6 (108.7) |
41.0 (105.8) |
38.5 (101.3) |
35.2 (95.4) |
25.1 (77.2) |
18.4 (65.1) |
42.6 (108.7) |
| ??? ?? ?? °C (°F) | 3.0 (37.4) |
6.3 (43.3) |
12.3 (54.1) |
18.5 (65.3) |
24.1 (75.4) |
28.1 (82.6) |
30.4 (86.7) |
30.6 (87.1) |
25.0 (77.0) |
18.0 (64.4) |
10.5 (50.9) |
4.2 (39.6) |
17.6 (63.7) |
| ?? ?? ?? °C (°F) | ?1.5 (29.3) |
0.6 (33.1) |
5.6 (42.1) |
11.4 (52.5) |
16.8 (62.2) |
21.1 (70.0) |
23.0 (73.4) |
22.4 (72.3) |
16.8 (62.2) |
10.7 (51.3) |
5.3 (41.5) |
0.0 (32.0) |
11.0 (51.8) |
| ??? ?? ?? °C (°F) | ?5.0 (23.0) |
?3.5 (25.7) |
0.3 (32.5) |
4.9 (40.8) |
9.7 (49.5) |
13.9 (57.0) |
15.6 (60.1) |
15.2 (59.4) |
10.7 (51.3) |
5.7 (42.3) |
1.4 (34.5) |
?3.3 (26.1) |
5.5 (41.9) |
| ?? ?? ?? °C (°F) | ?32.2 (?26.0) |
?29.0 (?20.2) |
?21.7 (?7.1) |
?9.5 (14.9) |
?5.0 (23.0) |
4.5 (40.1) |
7.4 (45.3) |
5.2 (41.4) |
?3.1 (26.4) |
?8.0 (17.6) |
?19.4 (?2.9) |
?25.6 (?14.1) |
?32.2 (?26.0) |
| ?? ??? mm (??) | 40.1 (1.58) |
33.0 (1.30) |
42.4 (1.67) |
50.2 (1.98) |
70.4 (2.77) |
82.7 (3.26) |
68.6 (2.70) |
48.9 (1.93) |
60.5 (2.38) |
60.7 (2.39) |
43.6 (1.72) |
47.0 (1.85) |
648.1 (25.52) |
| ?? ??? cm (??) | 13.7 (5.4) |
11.0 (4.3) |
10.5 (4.1) |
1.5 (0.6) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
8.8 (3.5) |
10.5 (4.1) |
56.0 (22.0) |
| ?? ???? (≥ 1.0 mm) | 6.1 | 5.4 | 6.3 | 6.2 | 8.4 | 8.3 | 7.1 | 5.2 | 4.9 | 5.6 | 5.4 | 6.7 | 75.6 |
| ?? ?? ?? (%) | 86 | 82 | 71 | 63 | 62 | 61 | 58 | 57 | 61 | 73 | 84 | 87 | 70 |
| ?? ?? ???? | 78.8 | 107.1 | 156.7 | 195.3 | 245.4 | 259.4 | 293.4 | 283.0 | 208.7 | 149.6 | 84.8 | 63.9 | 2,126.1 |
| ?? 1: ?? ????? (???: 1991?~2020?, ???: 1961?~1990?)[7][8] | |||||||||||||
| ?? 2: ???? ????? (??: 1929?~??),[9] ??? ???? (????: 1931?~1960?)[10] | |||||||||||||
?? ??
??
??
??- ↑ Chambers's Encyclopaedia ??? 25 3? 2016 - ??? ?? Vol. II, 1861 based on Brockhaus Enzyklop?die, 10th Edition
- ↑ Encyclop?dia Britannica Eleventh Edition
- ↑ “Populatia RPR la 25 ianuarie 1948” (PDF). 2020? 4? 10?? ?? ?? (PDF)?? ??? ??. 2021? 2? 6?? ???.
- ↑ George Milea, Contribu?ii la demografia Municipiului Bucure?ti. Volumul 1 : Popula?ia dup? recens?minte. Natalitatea. Mortalitatea, 1933, Tipografia Cur?ii Regale F. G?bl Fii
- ↑ Lauren?iu R?dvan, At Europe's Borders: Medieval Towns in the Romanian Principalities, Brill, 2010, p.260
- ↑ Florian Georgescu et al. Istoria Ora?ului Bucure?ti, Muzeul de Istorie a Ora?ului Bucure?ti, 1965, p. 121
- ↑ “Bucure?ti B?neasa Climate Normals 1991-2020”. ?? ?????. 2023? 8? 29?? ?? ???? ??? ??. 2023? 8? 29?? ???.
- ↑ “Bucure?ti B?neasa Climate Normals 1961–1990”. ?? ?????. 2023? 8? 29?? ?? ???? ??? ??. 2015? 3? 21?? ???.
- ↑ “Bucure?ti B?neasa: Record mensili dal 1929” (?????). ???? ?????. 2016? 4? 1?? ?? ???? ??? ??. 2016? 2? 14?? ???.
- ↑ Cappelen, John; Jensen, Jens. “RUM?NIEN - BUCURESTI/IMH” (PDF). 《Climate Data for Selected Stations (1931-1960)》 (????). ??? ????. 216?. 2013? 4? 27?? ?? ?? (PDF)?? ??? ??. 2023? 8? 29?? ???.
?? ??
??
- (?????/??) ?? ????